Unit: Rocks and Mining, by Ellen DeBacker


Topics

Geology and Environmental Science

Brief description

This unit studies rocks and minerals and focuses on the 3 types of rocks, rock formations, and plate tectonics. The final activity concludes with a hands-on mining activity.

Grade levels

6 - 8 and 9 - 12

Outline of unit

Day Topic/activity Key concepts Materials & resources needed

Field science & ethics possibilities

1

"How rocks form" lecture

Differences in rock types, igneous variations of rocks, metamorphic variations, sedimentary variations, locations of formation

Background knowledge of rock formation

Bring up examples from local area

2

Rock cycle – drawing and discussion

Rock cycle, transitions between types, processes that impact rocks

Samples of rocks from each stage of the rock cycle

Bring up examples from local area

3

Igneous rock lab

Identification of rocks, characteristics of igneous rocks, use of a key

 

Igneous rock collection and igneous rock key

Rocks from local area as possible

4

Sedimentary rock lab

Identification of rocks, characteristics of sedimentary rocks, use of a key

Sedimentary rock collection, and sedimentary rock key

 

Rocks from local area as possible

5

Metamorphic rock lab

Identification of rocks, characteristics of metamorphic rock, use of a dichotomous key

Metamorphic rock collection, and metamorphic rock key

 

Rocks from local area as possible

6

Rock slides

Comparative identification of rocks using cross-sections of rock

Cross-section slides of different rock types

  

7

Rocks field trip

Field identification of rocks and uses of rocks (cemetery, buildings)

Permission slips, buses or cars, permission for locations, background knowledge of rocks in the field

 

Field science experience

8

Mining – Gold film

Methods of mining, types of minerals mined, dangers of mining

Film on mining (any that show how the mining process works)

Use films put out by local mines if possible

9

Tools and mining methods

Tools used in mining, structures in mining, history of area in mining, safety equipment

Assorted tools and safety equipment, diagrams of mining methods, specimens of mined materials, background knowledge of mining

 

Bring in a guest speaker from a local mine or historical society. Ethics of mining in historical times

10

Mining simulation overview; Day 1: Hand out money, mine assignment, planning,

Simulation of mining, costs involved, steps involved, process of mining and decision making

Mining land plots made of pie plates, mud, gravel, pyrite, charcoal, green glitter, blue plaster, paper money, worksheet for activity, various tools for mining, straws for test drills

 

Simulation of actual process

11

Mining simulation, day 2: Mining day

Costs involved, equipment used, steps involved, safety requirements, process of mining, process of selling ore, process of reclamation

Timer, above materials, money box, price lists, safety eye goggles

 

Simulation of actual process

12

Mining simulation, day 3: Final analysis of costs and process

Tally of costs involved, analysis of environmental problems, analysis of product uses

Results

Simulation of actual process. Ethics of mining/reclamation processes

13

Rocks and mining test

Application of knowledge, explanation of concepts

Copy of assessment